Abstract

Mastering second-harmonic generation (SHG) in glasses is essential for achieving second-order nonlinear devices. Three-dimensional SHG patterns with controllable angular dependence were achieved in ${\mathrm{Li}}_2\mathrm{O}\text{-}{\mathrm{Nb}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_5\text{-}{\mathrm{SiO}}_2$ glass by femtosecond laser irradiation. Electron backscatter diffraction indicated that the angular dependence was associated with preferential nanocrystal orientation: crystal polar axes are distributed within a plane perpendicular to the incident laser polarization direction. An orientation mechanism based on the application of laser-induced torques on the nanocrystal electric dipole was proposed. This work may pave the way to design devices such as frequency agile lasers based on electro-optical waveguides.

© 2016 Optical Society of America

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