Abstract
We present a novel design for a (one missing row of holes) waveguide 60° bend implemented in a substrate-type planar photonic crystal based on a triangular array of air holes. The bend has been designed to provide high transmission over a large bandwidth. The investigated design improvement relies only on displacing holes while avoiding changing individual holes diameter in the interest of better process control (homogenous hole depth). Two-dimensional (2D) finite-element simulations were used to increase the relative transmission bandwidth from 18% to 40% of the photonic bandgap for unoptimized and optimized 60° bends, respectively. The 2D results were verified by means of rigorous three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. We show that excellent agreement between 2D and 3D simulations can be obtained, provided a small effective-index shift of and an imaginary loss parameter is introduced in the 2D simulations. To demonstrate the applicability of our improved design, the bend was fabricated and measured using the endfire technique. A bending loss of is obtained for the optimized waveguide bend compared to more than in the unoptimized case.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
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