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Sign of the refractive index in a gain medium with negative permittivity and permeability

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Abstract

We show how the sign of the refractive index in any medium may be derived using a rigorous analysis based on Einstein causality. In particular, we consider left-handed materials, i.e., media that have negative permittivities and permeabilities at the frequency of interest. We find that the consideration of gain in such media can give rise to a positive refractive index.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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