Abstract
When the 5F5 levels of Ho3+ in LaF3 were resonantly excited with a red dye laser beam of 640 nm, blue and green emissions were detected from the 5G5, the 5F3, and the 5S2(5F4) levels at 416, 485, and 546 nm, respectively. We found that excited ions in the 5F5 state undergo nonradiative relaxation to the 5I6 state and are then upconverted to the 5G5 state by the absorption of a second photon, as well as by energy-transfer interaction. The upconversion efficiency into the 5F3 state was estimated as ~1.1 × 10−4. We also observed energy-upconverted emissions from the 5F3 and the 5S2 levels when the material was excited with an 800-nm near-infrared laser. The absorption of a second laser photon from the 5I6 state was found to be responsible for the upconverted green emission.
© 1994 Optical Society of America
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