B. L. Henke, F. G. Fujiwara, M. A. Tester, C. H. Dittmore, and M. A. Palmer, "Low-energy x-ray response of photographic films. II. Experimental characterization," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1, 828-849 (1984)
Optical density versus exposure data have been obtained at nine photon energies in the 100–2000-eV x-ray region for five spectroscopic films (Kodak films 101-07, SB-392, RAR 2492, RAR 2495, and RAR 2497). These data were determined operationally by a direct comparison of the peak absolute intensities of spectral lines, which were measured with a calibrated proportional counter, with the microdensitometer tracings of the corresponding photographically recorded spectral lines. Film-resolution limits were deduced from an analysis of contact microradiograms of linear zone plates constructed of gold bars. The relationship between the specular densities as measured here and the diffuse densities have been experimentally determined for the five films. Finally, experimental measurements of the optical density versus the angle of incidence of exposing radiation of constant intensity were obtained. These data, relating density to the x-ray intensity, its photon energy, and its angle of incidence, are shown to be fitted satisfactorily in the 100–10 000-eV region by the semiempirical mathematical model relations that were derived in Part I of this research [
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1,
818–
827 (
1984)].
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.49 −01 means 9.49 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 3
Exposure I (photons μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2497
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.42 −01 means 9.42 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 4
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2492
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 1.78 02 means 1.78 × 102.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 5
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2495
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 8.52 −01 means 8.52 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 6
Absorption Edges
Edge
E (eV)
A: Br-M4
71
B: C-K
284
C: N-K, Ag-M4,5
398–402
D: O-K
532
E: Br-L3,2
1553–1599
F: Ag-L3,2
3351–3526
Table 7
Empirical Universal Equation Parameters
Film
t (μm)
d (μm)
d0 (μm)
V
T (μm)
a (μm−1)
b (μm2)
2497
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
7.0
0.414
0.454
2492
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
7.0
0.527
0.372
2495
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.2
7.0
0.528
0.926
SB-392
1.0
1.0
1.5
0.2
10.0
0.285
1.41
101-07
t1 (μm): 2.0
a1: 1.957
b (μm2): 0.3128
Table 8
α (μm−1), β, and β1 Factors versus Photon Energy E (eV)
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 1.27 −01 means 1.27 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
μ0 (gelatin) for ρ = 1.40 g/cm3. μ1 (AgBr) for ρ = 6.47 g/cm3. The notation C8H16O5N2 is for gelatin.
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 2.94 −01 means 2.94 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-Kedge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 10
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 101-07
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.82 −01 means 9.82 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 12
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2497
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.13 −01 means 9.13 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
NK, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 13
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2492
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 7.27 −01 means 7.27 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edge.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 14
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2495
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 3.84 −01 means 3.84 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Tables (14)
Table 1
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 101-07
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.49 −01 means 9.49 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 3
Exposure I (photons μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2497
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.42 −01 means 9.42 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 4
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2492
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 1.78 02 means 1.78 × 102.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 5
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2495
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 8.52 −01 means 8.52 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Table 6
Absorption Edges
Edge
E (eV)
A: Br-M4
71
B: C-K
284
C: N-K, Ag-M4,5
398–402
D: O-K
532
E: Br-L3,2
1553–1599
F: Ag-L3,2
3351–3526
Table 7
Empirical Universal Equation Parameters
Film
t (μm)
d (μm)
d0 (μm)
V
T (μm)
a (μm−1)
b (μm2)
2497
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
7.0
0.414
0.454
2492
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
7.0
0.527
0.372
2495
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.2
7.0
0.528
0.926
SB-392
1.0
1.0
1.5
0.2
10.0
0.285
1.41
101-07
t1 (μm): 2.0
a1: 1.957
b (μm2): 0.3128
Table 8
α (μm−1), β, and β1 Factors versus Photon Energy E (eV)
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 1.27 −01 means 1.27 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
μ0 (gelatin) for ρ = 1.40 g/cm3. μ1 (AgBr) for ρ = 6.47 g/cm3. The notation C8H16O5N2 is for gelatin.
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 2.94 −01 means 2.94 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-Kedge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 10
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 101-07
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.82 −01 means 9.82 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 12
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2497
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 9.13 −01 means 9.13 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
NK, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 13
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2492
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 7.27 −01 means 7.27 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edge.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Table 14
Exposure I (photons/μm2) at Various Net Densities for Film 2495
In our notation in this table, a number followed by a space and another number indicates that the first number is to be multiplied by 10 raised to the power of the second number; e.g., 3.84 −01 means 3.84 × 10−1.
Br-M4 edge.
C-K edge.
N-K, Ag-M4,5 edges.
O-K edge.
Br-L3,2 edge.
Ag-L3,2 edge.
Add to BibSonomy